1. Isticmaal taangiga derbiga reaming ee hoose ee daloolka iyo furaha quful ee barroosinka farsamada si ay u sameeyaan saamayn jidhka quful, dhamaystiro Anchorage.
2. Waxay u adkeysan kartaa culeysyo aad u sarreeya, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa inay u adkeysato shoogga iyo culeyska dhulgariirka.
3. Daabadaha makaanikada ah ee dib-u-ballaadhsada waxay leeyihiin saamayn farsamo oo dhab ah oo kor u qaadaysa caafimaadka, laakiin laylisyada dib-u-qaadista ayaa si gaar ah loo qaabeeyey.
4. Awoodda aan fidinta lahayn ee ay dhaliso furaha qufulka farsamada waxay hubisaa gudbinta waxtarka leh ee xoogga ku jira shubka.
Baaxadda codsiga:
1. Waxay ku habboon tahay munaasabadaha leh shuruudaha badbaadada aadka u sarreeya, sida dhirta tamarta nukliyeerka.
2. Rakibaadda iyo hagaajinta qalabka waaweyn sida warshadaha warshadaha, wiishashka, warshadaha tamarta nukliyeerka, iwm.
3. Isku xirka iyo hagaajinta qaababka derbiyada kala duwan iyo qaababka birta.
4. Ku rakibida iyo hagaajinta tuubooyinka kala duwan ee dhismayaasha rayidka ah sida biyaha iyo tuubooyinka korontada iyo tuubooyinka dabka.
5. Rakibaadda iyo hagaajinta tubooyinka iyo xargaha kala duwan sida birta, tunnel-yada, buundooyinka, iwm.
6. Ku rakibida albaabada kala duwan ee ka hortagga tuugada, albaabada dabka iyo daaqadaha ka hortagga tuugada.
Qiyaasaha farsamada ee boolal-barroosinka farsamada ee ballaarinta dabadeed (C20/C80 shubka dillaacsan) | ||||||||||||||
Dhexroor maroojin | Nooca barroosinka | Dhexroor qodista | Moolka aaska ee waxtarka leh | Qoto qodista | Dhererka boolka | dalool dhejis ah (mm) | Boodhka ugu yar | Substrate ugu yar | Qulqulka adkeynaya | Qiimaha caadiga ah ee jilicsan (KN) | Naqshad iska caabin xiiran (KN) | |||
(mm) | (mm) | (mm) | (mm) | Horay loo dhigay | dhex-gelid | Kala dheeraynta (mm) | Dhumucda (mm) | (KN) | Korka C25 | Ka sarreeya C80 | Horay loo dhigay | dhex-gelid | ||
M10 | M10/18×60 | 18 | 60 | 80 | 110 | 12 | 20 | 60 | 90 | 50 | 21 | 30.7 | 19.5 | 33 |
M10/18×100 | 100 | 120 | 150 | 100 | 150 | 41.7 | 49.5 | |||||||
M12 | M12/18×80 | 18 | 80 | 100 | 130 | 14 | 20 | 80 | 120 | 80 | 31.9 | 47 | 28.3 | 44.9 |
M12/18×100 | 100 | 120 | 150 | 100 | 150 | 42.5 | 65.7 | |||||||
M12/18×120 | 120 | 140 | 170 | 120 | 180 | 55.7 | 76.7 | |||||||
M12/18×150 | 150 | 170 | 200 | 150 | 225 | 76.7 | - | |||||||
M12/22×80 | 22 | 80 | 100 | 130 | 24 | 80 | 120 | 31.9 | 47.1 | 58.6 | ||||
M12/22×100 | 100 | 120 | 150 | 100 | 150 | 42.5 | 65.7 | |||||||
M12/22×120 | 120 | 140 | 170 | 120 | 180 | 55.7 | 76.7 | |||||||
M12/22×150 | 150 | 170 | 200 | 150 | 225 | 76.7 | - | |||||||
M16 | M16/22×130 | 22 | 130 | 150 | 190 | 18 | 24 | 130 | 195 | 180 | 67.5 | 97.3 | 50.2 | 60.6 |
M16/22×150 | 150 | 170 | 210 | 150 | 225 | 83.3 | 121.7 | |||||||
M16/22×180 | 180 | 200 | 240 | 180 | 270 | 110.5 | 133.7 | |||||||
M16/22×200 | 200 | 220 | 260 | 200 | 300 | 133.7 | - | |||||||
M16/28×130 | 28 | 130 | 150 | 190 | 30 | 130 | 195 | 67.5 | 97.3 | 85.5 | ||||
M16/28×150 | 150 | 170 | 210 | 150 | 225 | 83.3 | 121.7 | |||||||
M16/28×180 | 180 | 200 | 240 | 180 | 270 | 110.5 | 133.7 | |||||||
M16/28×200 | 200 | 220 | 260 | 200 | 300 | 133.7 | - | |||||||
M20 | M20/28×150 | 28 | 150 | 170 | 230 | 34 | 32 | 150 | 225 | 300 | 84.3 | 122.7 | 77.5 | 87 |
M20/28×180 | 180 | 200 | 260 | 180 | 270 | 111.7 | 158.9 | |||||||
M20/28×250 | 210 | 230 | 290 | 210 | 315 | 135.3 | 208.5 | |||||||
M20/28×210 | 250 | 270 | 330 | 250 | 375 | 178.7 | - | |||||||
M20/28×280 | 280 | 300 | 360 | 280 | 420 | 208.5 | - | |||||||
M20/35×150 | 35 | 150 | 170 | 230 | 40 | 150 | 225 | 84.3 | 122.7 | 130 | ||||
M20/35×180 | 180 | 200 | 260 | 180 | 270 | 111.7 | 158.9 | |||||||
M20/35×210 | 210 | 230 | 290 | 210 | 315 | 135.3 | 208.5 | |||||||
M20/35×250 | 250 | 270 | 330 | 250 | 375 | 178.7 | - | |||||||
M20/35×280 | 280 | 300 | 360 | 280 | 420 | 208.5 | - | |||||||
M24 | M24/32×200 | 32 | 200 | 220 | 300 | 28 | 36 | 200 | 300 | 500 | 134 | 186.3 | 113.4 | 120 |
M24/32×250 | 250 | 270 | 350 | 250 | 375 | 180.1 | 258.9 | |||||||
M24/32×300 | 300 | 320 | 400 | 300 | 450 | 236.7 | 301.9 | |||||||
M24/32×350 | 350 | 370 | 450 | 350 | 525 | 301.9 | - | |||||||
M24/38×200 | 38 | 200 | 220 | 300 | 42 | 200 | 300 | 134 | 186.3 | 158 | ||||
M24/38×250 | 250 | 270 | 350 | 250 | 375 | 180 | 258.9 | |||||||
M24/38×300 | 300 | 320 | 400 | 300 | 450 | 236.7 | 301.9 | |||||||
M24/38×350 | 350 | 370 | 450 | 350 | 525 | 301.9 | - | |||||||
M30 | M30/38×350 | 38 | 350 | 370 | 470 | 34 | 42 | 350 | 525 | 700 | 301 | 430.9 | 150.1 | 159.8 |
M30/38×450 | 450 | 470 | 570 | 450 | 675 | 434.5 | 445 |
1. Waxaa loo sameeyay shuban dillaacsan oo leh shuruudaha badbaadada ugu sarreeya, waxay iska caabin kartaa culeyska firfircoon iyo culeyska saameynta.
2. Waxa ay leedahay karti wax-barid oo aad u sarraysa, saamaynta ku-xidhiddu waxa ay la mid tahay qaybaha dusha sare ku xidhan.
3. Qulqulka yar yar waxaa lagu qaadi karaa safar cidhiidhi ah, saameyn quful farsamaysan oo dhamaystiran.
4. Si aad ula qabsato doorsoomayaasha qoto dheer ee hagaajinta iyo dhumucda hagaajinta doorsoomayaasha.
5. Ma jiro cadaadis balaadhin ah, diiqada bilowga ah ee substrate-ka la taaban karo waa mid yar, waxayna ku habboon tahay meelo yaryar iyo meelo yaryar.
Astaamaha:
1. Waxay leedahay xajin adag, ka-hortagga khafiifinta, ka-hortagga seismic-ka iyo waxyaabo kale, ammaan ah oo la isku halayn karo.
2. Cadaadiska inductive yar, oo ku habboon rakibidda iyo hagaajinta oo leh meelo yaryar, kala fogaansho yar iyo fogaan sare.
3. Lagu dabaqi karo dhammaan bay'ada aan ku habboonayn beerista ka hor ama ku xidhidhka khaladka kiimikaad.
4. Waxaa jira cabbir muuqda oo rakibid ah oo ku yaala boodhka barroosinka, kaas oo ku habboon rakibidda.
5. Marka loo eego goobaha isticmaalka ee kala duwan, waxaa jira qalab kala duwan si loo daboolo baahiyaha kala duwan ee macaamiisha.
6. Tilmaamaha alaabtu waa dhammaystiran yihiin, waxaana jira alaabooyin gaar ah oo loogu talagalay deegaan gaar ah, waxaana sidoo kale loo habeyn karaa iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha macaamiisha.Nooc ka mid ah alaabooyinka si ay u noqdaan tilmaamo gaar ah.
7.Mashiinka caawinta mishiinka ee cisbitaalka balaadhinta dambe wuxuu leeyahay qashin-qashin gaar ah, kaas oo si dhakhso ah u hagaajin kara godka oo si dhakhso ah u rakibi kara.